Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels, including conditions such as coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease, congenital heart diseases and deep vein thrombosis. These diseases are the leading cause of death globally, often resulting in heart attacks and strokes.
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, occurs when the force of blood against the artery walls is consistently too high. This condition can damage blood vessels and lead to complications such as heart disease, stroke and kidney problems. Nearly half of U.S. adults have hypertension. Risk factors include obesity, lack of physical activity, unhealthy diet and excessive alcohol consumption.
Hyperlipidemia refers to having high levels of lipids (fats) in the blood, such as cholesterol and triglycerides. This condition can lead to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, causing the arteries to narrow and harden, which increases the risk of heart disease and stroke.